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updated on the 30th of Mai 2010
Governmental
Organisations
Private
Sector
Non-Governmental
Organisations
Academic
Institutions and Universities Destinations
Carbon
Offset Organisations
Governmental
Organisations
- World
Tourism Organizations (UNWTO)
- Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
- IPCC was established
to provide the decision-makers and others interested in climate
change with an objective source of information about climate change.
Its role is to assess on a comprehensive, objective, open and transparent
basis the latest scientific, technical and socio-economic literature
produced worldwide relevant to the understanding of the risk of
human-induced climate change, its observed and projected impacts
and options for adaptation and mitigation.
- In 1999 it
published a Special
Report on aviation and the Global Atmosphere
- International
Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
- ICAO's Environmental
Unit aims at improving the environmental performance of
aviation. The organization developed a range of standards, policies
and guidance material for the application of integrated measures
to address engine emissions embracing technological improvements,
operating procedures, proper organization of air traffic, appropriate
airport and land-use planning, and the use of market-based options.
- Pacific
Asian Travel Association (PATA)
- United
Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
- UNEP's special
Section
on Tourism is implementing a set of activities under the
area of climate change and tourism aiming at enhancing the capacity
of public and private stakeholder to design and implement mitigation
and adaptation strategies and practices in the tourism sector.
- The Green
Passport is an internet-based campaign that aims to raise
tourists' awareness of their potential to contribute to sustainable
development by making responsible holiday choices.
- United
Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
- World
Meterological Organization (WMO)
- The
World Conservation Union (IUCN)
- International
Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD)
- IISD has a
special Section
for Climate which is dedicated to identifying and promoting
innovative solutions that support the transition to a clean, secure
and sustainable future. The IISD approach seeks to bring together
developing and developed country issues; corporate and social needs;
energy and environment priorities; mitigation and adaptation strategies;
and economic, social and environmental well-being. Actively engaged
in the international climate change arena since the signing of the
UN Framework Convention on Climate Change in 1992, IISD's unique
perspective and effectiveness have earned the institute recognition
as an international and national leader in climate change policy
research.
- In 1999, the
IISD published a report on The
Effects of Climate Change on Recreation and Tourism on the Prairies
- A Status Report.
Private
Sector
- Accomodation
and Tour Operation
- Aviation
- EasyJet
is an example of a low-cost carrier that has an environmental management
system and a fleet with relative low-carbon emissions; also supports
the development of new technologies (e.g., "Dreamliner").
- NatureAir
is committed to being the world's first and only zero emissions
airline. NatureAir has chosen two sustainable programs in Costa
Rica which provide clean energy through solar and wind farms.
- Harbour
Air began in January 2008 offsetting every aspect of its
corporate operations including lights, heating, paper consumption
and ground transportation.
- Business Networks
- Forum
Anders Reisen is a German association of tour operators
with strict criteria for its members (e.g., no flights to destinations
closer than 700km).
- The Tour
Operators Initiative (TOI) is a network of tour operators
promoting sustainable practices in the sector: "We are committed
to developing, operating and marketing tourism in a sustainable
manner; that is, all forms of tourism which make a positive contribution
to the natural and cultural environment, which generate benefits
for the host communities, and which do not put at risk the future
livelihood of local people"
- Sustainable
Aviation is a long term strategy which sets out the collective
approach of UK aviation to tackling the challenge of ensuring a
sustainable future and brings together the main players from UK
airlines, airports, manufacturers and ATM providers (e.g., British
Airways and Thomas Cook).
Non-Governmental
Organisations
Academic
Institutions and Universities
- Experts
in Climate Change and Tourism (eCLAT)
- The eCLAT-network
connects the majority of researchers working on the interactions
between climate and tourism world-wide.
- University
of Waterloo, Canada
- Scott,
D. conducted a large number of articles
on climate change and tourism.
- Leuphana
University Lueneburg, Germany
- KUNTIKUM:
Different departments of the Leuphana University in cooperation
with the University of Freiburg and tourism stakeholders aim to
develop products and infrastructure innovations, as well as strategic
policy orientations for sustainable development of tourism at coastal
zones and mountain regions in order to facilitate the adaptation
of tourism operations to a changing climate.
- International
Society of Biometeorology
- Members of
the International
Society of Biometeorology Commission on Climate, Tourism and Recreation
concentrate their work on climate indexes in order to measure tourist
well-being in relation to different weather parameters. Related
studies also consider future climate changes.
- A comprehensive
report on Developments
in Tourism Climatology has been published in 2007.
- Sustainability
and Global Challenges, University of Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg
Tourism Model is a simulation model of tourism flows to and
from 207 countries. It is used to analyse scenarios of population
and economic growth as well as climate change and climate policy.
- Tyndall
Centre for Climate Change Research, UK
- The Tyndall
Centre aims to research, assess and communicate from a distinct
trans-disciplinary perspective, the options to mitigate, and the
necessities to adapt to, climate change, and to integrate these
into the global, UK and local contexts of sustainable development.
- For instance,
in 2005, the Tyndall Centre published a report on the Interactions
between Tourism,
Breeding Birds and Climate Change Across a Regional Scale;
and number of reports on aviation by A. Bows.
- Potsdam
Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Germany
- At PIK researchers
in the natural and social sciences work together to study global
change and its impacts on ecological, economic and social systems.
They examine the Earth system's capacity for withstanding human
interventions and devise strategies for a sustainable development
of humankind and nature.
- Climatic
Research Unit, University of East Anglia, UK
- The Climatic
Research Unit is widely recognised as one of the world's leading
institutions concerned with the study of natural and anthropogenic
climate change.
- Oxford
University Centre for the Environment (OUCE), UK
Destinations
- Australia
- England
- Fiji
- Switzerland
- International
Carbon
Offset Organisations
- Carbon
Catalog
- The Carbon
Catalog lists around 80 carbon offset providers (including prices
and criteria) and around 260 offset projects.
- ICAO
Carbon Emissions Calculator
- Aims to be
an independent and unbiased emission calculator.
- My
Climate, Switzerland
- Strict criteria.
- Partner of
TUI.
- Offset-partner
for the Second International Conference on Climate Change and Tourism.
- Atmosfair,
Germany
- Conservation
International, USA
- Carbon offset
via one of the biggest environmental organisation.
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Tourism
Vision
aims at supporting tourism
stakeholders to adapt to
a changing climate and to
mitigate tourism's emissions.
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